On June 11, Liaoning Daily announced 659 provincial-level(sheng: 省) agencies’ consolidation into 65 larger organizations(Cao). Ninety percent of them achieved streamlining. Province-wise, the communist officials expect improved efficiency for ninety percent or more of their public institutions. The updated Bureaucrat-to-Civilians ratio goal was 1:39. Top leadership expected the objective to be met before September (Chai). Meanwhile, Liaoning Province had more than 35,000 public institutions and over 1.1 million surplus state employees. The new directives put 1.1 million livelihood at risk. Towards the end of 2017, the People’s Congress of Liaoning had already denied social security coverage for all surplus state personnel. According to records, China has 1.26 million public institutions with more than 30 million official employees. The reform plan for each province varies. However, tens of millions of these officials would have to find another job. It further tested the resiliency of heavily inflated Communists’ economy.
The 2016 public record shows Liaoning with a population of 43.78 million. Based on the prescribed 1:39 ratio, there will be 1.12 million government officials feeding off tax revenues. It would be safe to estimate the number of communist bureaucrats before the reform was more than 2.22 million (1.12 million essential + 1.1 million surplus). It suggested the ratio before the reform to be 1:19.7. In 2005, Ren Yuling claimed that the national bureaucrats-to-civilians rate was 1:26. Ren was a member of the National Committee of People’s Political Counseling Conference and a State Counselor. He once pointed out that these statistics were 306 times higher than the West Han Dynasty and 35 times higher than the Qing Dynasty. (It was 1:7945 for the West Han Dynasty; 1:7464 for the East Han Dynasty; 1:2927 in the Tang Dynasty; 1:2613 in the Yuan Dynasty; 1:2299 in the Ming Dynasty, and 1:911 in the Qing Dynasty.) “Our ratio is higher than ever before; this was very concerning!” Ren said (Zhang).
Nonetheless, Professor Zhou Tianyong wrote an article claiming the ratio to be 1:18 (Wang). Zhou served as the deputy director for Research at Central Indoctrination Academy for the Communist Party of China. His data reaffirmed the previous estimates. On the contrary, an official statement from the State Administration of Civil Service claimed the ratio was 1∶194.3. This administration bureau is under the direct leadership of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee. Allegedly, China’s rate was far less than some developed nations or other rising developing countries (Wang).
In the United States, the statistic is 1:700. It is 1:720 in European Union; 1:690 in Japan. Among developing countries, Brazil is 1:610. India has 1:520. The African countries have an average of 1:350, while Russia stands at 1:330 (Chai).
At the local level, China categorizes bureaucrats into counties(Xian:县) and townships(Xiang: 乡). There are 2,861 county-level entities within Communist China. Dr. Liu, Yun believes each of them has no less than 1,500 officials, with a total of 4,290,500 them across China (Liu). Liu serves as the graduate mentor at The PLA’s National University of Defense Technology. Furthermore, Communist China has 44,821 township-level administrative organizations covering a population of 1.393 billion.
The communist authority relies on redundancy to maintain check and balance to their power dynamics. As a result, each department retains large numbers of temporary staff. They count on state-owned enterprises to supplement their spending deficit. However, the majority of state-owned businesses have claimed a net loss for years. They survived by the central government’s budget appropriation. The number of civil servants in Communist China might exceed 100 million, including state-owned businesses.
These state employees enjoy special privileges from the national health care system. In 2013, the National Health and Family Planning Commission launched an educational campaign on the Communist Party’s civic engagement activities. Key officials visited various places to research issues on medical reforms.
Zhang Rongya was an active participant in this campaign. According to Sina Weibo records, she was a gynecologist and obstetrician at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. On August 26, 2013, Zhang published her suggestions to the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Weibo. She demanded the canceling of exclusive healthcare clinics for retired government cadres. Her proposal triggered heated discussions. As a result, many luxurious hospital rooms came under the spotlights.
(Editor: Zhang, Rongyan’s online presence was drastically reduced after her rising to fame in 2018)
As a result, many luxurious hospital rooms came under the spotlights. The CPC-owned Xinhua News initiated an investigation. It discovered a retired provincial grade official spent up to 3 million yuan with just one hospital visit. As a former deputy minister of health, Yin, Dakui asserted that 80% of public medical fundings were for the bureaucrats. Yin referred to studies from the Academy of Science to support his claim (80% of Government Medical Investment Serves Bureaucrats). Consequently, People’s Daily refuted the above report with an official statement from the China Academy of Science. The Academy denied any research or studies on relevant topics (Yan).
The Communist Party of China cares only about its dominance. Click here to find out how the Communist Party contributes to hatred against Chinese Nations in Africa.
【Author】 Iris Lin, Ming Wen 【Editor】 Dylan King
【Disclaimer】
The information on this site is for information purposes only. The author’s opinions are not an official representation of any organization, committee or other individuals. The external links provided serve as a convenience only. It is your responsibility if you decide to visit any linked site. Dylan and his associates make no representation or warranty regarding, and do not endorse, any linked site or the information, products or services appearing thereon. Unless otherwise expressly provided, Dylan and his associates assume no liability in any way for the accuracy, relevancy, copyright compliance, legality, or decency of material contained in the external linked sites.
【Reference】
Cao, Kun. “辽宁：省直659家事业单位整合为65家.” People’s Daily, 12 June 2018, politics.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0612/c1001–30052742.html.
(The People’s Daily is a state propaganda organization under direct leadership of the Communist Party of China. )
Chai, Zongsheng. “辽宁裁冗90%后，中国官民比终于被算清楚了 .” Sohu, 14 Aug. 2018, www.sohu.com/a/247069696_305502.
(SOHU is listed on NASDAQ traded. It has a CPC committee and enforces aggressive censorships under Beijing’s directives.)
Dr. Liu, Yun. “精官简政：中国行政改革躲不过的坎！.” Sina Blog, 2018, blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7dab4f110102xh9r.html.
(The original article has been purged under communists’ censorship. SINA is listed on NASDAQ traded. It has a CPC committee and enforces aggressive censorships under Beijing’s directives.)
“The Chinese Academy of Sciences Reports That 80% of Government Medical Investment Serves Bureaucrats.” Global Times, 27 Aug. 2013.
(Global Times is a state propaganda organization under direct leadership of the Communist Party of China. This is a screen shot of the later withdrawn post)
Wang, An. “中国的税负和官民比.” 炎黄春秋, www.yhcqw.com/33/8887.html.
(炎黄春秋 is a progressive magazine ran by members of the Communist Party of China. )
Yuan, Bo. 中科院：“政府投入医疗费80%为干部”报道失实. 28 Aug. 2013, People’s Daily, politics.people.com.cn/n/2013/0828/c1001–22715385.html.
(The People’s Daily is a state propaganda organization under direct leadership of the Communist Party of China. )
Zhang, Huiling. “1:26,如此官民比堪忧!” CCTV Global, 8 Mar. 2005, www.cctv.com/news/china/20050308/100693.shtml.
(CCTV is a state propaganda media under direct leadership of the Communist Party of China. )
【Photo Credit】
The featured photo came from CGTN, a state propaganda organization under direct leadership of the Communist Party of China.
Attached is a list of typical “Xian” (縣)government structures across China.
1. County People’s Congress and CPPCC Procuratorate Court
1. The Standing Committee of the County People’s Congress
2. County Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference
3. County Intermediate People’s Court
4. County People’s Procuratorate
2. County government commissions and bureaus
5. County People’s Government Office
6. County Development and Reform Commission
7. County Economic Committee
8. County Education Bureau
9. County Science and Technology Bureau
10. County Ethnic and Religious Affairs Bureau
11. County Public Security Bureau
12. County Supervision Bureau
13. County Civil Affairs Bureau
14. County Justice Bureau
15. County Finance Bureau
16. County Personnel Bureau
17. County Labor and Social Security Bureau
18. County Land and Resources Bureau
19. County Planning Bureau
20. County Construction Bureau
21. County Municipal Management Committee
22. County Transportation Bureau
23. County Grain Bureau
24. County Bureau of Commerce
25. County Cultural Bureau
26. County Health Bureau
27. County Population and Family Planning Commission
28. County Audit Bureau
29. County State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission
30. County Local Taxation Bureau
31. County State Taxation Bureau
32. County Administration for Industry and Commerce
33. County Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau
34. County Environmental Protection Bureau
35. County Water Resources Bureau
36. County Industry Promotion Bureau
37. County Agriculture Bureau
38. County Radio and Television Bureau
39. County Press and Publication Bureau
40. County Cultural Relics Bureau
41. County Sports Bureau
42. County Statistics Bureau
43. County Price Bureau
44. County Food and Drug Administration
45. County Safety Production Supervision Administration
46. Legal Affairs Office of County People’s Government
47. County Letters and Calls Bureau
48. Research Office of County People’s Government
49. County Civil Air Defense Office
50. County Forestry Bureau
51. County Information Industry Bureau
52. County Committee on Aging
53. County Administrative Service Center
54. County Investment Promotion Bureau
55. County Real Estate Administration
56. County Foreign Affairs and Overseas Chinese Affairs Tourism Bureau
57. County Fisheries Bureau
58. County Intellectual Property Office
3. County Party Committee, Ministries and Bureaus
59. County Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision
60. County Party Committee Organization Department
61. County Party Committee Propaganda Department
62. County Party Committee Political and Law Committee
63. County Party Committee Political Research Office
64. County Party Committee Taiwan Work Office
65. County Spiritual Civilization Construction Committee Office
66. County State Secrecy Bureau
67. County Party Committee United Front Work Department
68. County Party School
4. Other commissions and bureaus of the county government
69. County Earthquake Administration
70. County Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine
71. County Road Administration Bureau
72. County and Township Enterprise Bureau
73. County Transportation Administration
74. County Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
75. County Administration of Reeducation through Labor
76. Public Security Transportation Administration of County Public Security Bureau
77. Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau of County Management
78. County Veterans Bureau
79. County Government Procurement Office
80. County Prison Administration
81. County Government Information Office (External Propaganda Office)
82. Counselor’s Office of County People’s Government
83. County Archives (Hall)
84. County Copyright Bureau
85. County Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development
86. County Organization Establishment Committee
87. County Government Port Office
88. County Agricultural Machinery Administration
89. County Public Security Fire Bureau
90. County Administration Bureau
5. People’s Organization (Civil Servant Establishment)
91. County Women’s Federation
92. China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Branch
93. County Disabled Persons’ Federation
94. County Overseas Friendship Association
95. County Returned Overseas Chinese Association
96. County Association for Science and Technology
97. Communist Youth League Municipal Committee
98. County Federation of Trade Unions
99. County Photographers Association
101. County Patriotic Health Campaign Committee
102. County Federation of Literary and Art Circles
103. County Federation of Industry and Commerce
104. County People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries
105. County Volunteer Association
6. County public institutions (financial expenditures)
106. County Local Chronicles Editorial Committee Office
107. County Poverty Alleviation and Development Office
108. County Party Committee and County Government Reception Office
109. County Wall Material Innovation Office
110. County Housing Provident Fund Management Center
111. County Bidding Center
112. County Economic Information Center
113. County Investment Management Center
114. County Construction Project Cost Management Station
115. County Telecom Branch
116. County Mobile Branch
117. County Unicom Branch
118. County Tietong Branch
119. County Power Supply Company
120. County Post Office
121. County State-owned Assets Administration
122. County Meteorological Bureau
123. County Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau
124. County Communications Administration
125. County Investment Promotion Bureau
126. County Public Institution Registration Administration
127. County Medical Insurance Bureau
128. County Radio Administration
129. County Institute of Science and Technology
130. County Survey and Design Institute
131. County Talent Market
132. County Library
133. County Highway General Section
134. County Central Blood Station
135. County Center for Disease Control and Prevention
136. County People’s Hospital
137. County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
138. County Maternal and Child Health Hospital
139. County Senior High School
140. County High-tech Development Management Committee
7. Other County Offices
141. County Teaching Equipment Supply (Management) Station (Office)
142. County Medical and Health Supplies Supply Management Office (Center)
143. County Procurement Office
144. County Office Affairs Administration
145. County Taiwan Affairs Office
146. County Investment Promotion Bureau
147. County Post (Communication) Administration
148. County Supervision Office
149. County Sports Bureau
150. County Sports Commission
151. County General Classroom
152. County Editors
153. County History Research Office
154. County Vocational Education Center (office)
155. County Moral Education Office
156. County Uninsured Office
157. County Audio-visual Education Center
158. The County Recruitment Office
159. County Recruitment Office
160. County High Admissions Office
161. County Self-Examination Office
162. County Lightning Protection Office
163. County Landscape Bureau
164. County Federation of Literary and Art Circles
165. County Retirement Office
166. County Women’s Federation
167. County Disabled Persons’ Federation
168. County Spiritual Civilization Office
169. County Demolition Office
170. County People’s Committee
171. County Federation of Industry and Commerce
172. County Communist Youth League Committee
173. County Civil Revolution
174. County Agricultural and Industrial Party Committee
175. County League
176. County Zhigong Party Committee
177. County Civil Construction
178. County Association for Promoting Democracy
179. County Fisheries Bureau
180. County Animal Husbandry Bureau
181. County Water Resources Bureau
182. County Hydropower Administration
183. County Science and Technology Bureau
184. County Science and Technology Commission
185. County Foreign Service Center
186. County International Exchange Center
187. County Educational Science Institute
188. County Adult Education Office~
189. County Transportation Bureau
190. County Road Administration Center
191. County Transportation Bureau
192. County Agriculture Bureau
193. County Agriculture and Forestry Bureau
194. County Vehicle Administration
